[13], In 1976, the American Society of Civil Engineers designated the national road as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark. In 1912, the National Road was chosen to become part of the National Old Trails Road, which would extend further east to New York City and west to Los Angeles, California. Work on the extension between Wheeling and Zanesville, Ohio, used the pre-existing Zane's Trace of old Ebenezer Zane, and was completed in 1833 to the new state capital of Columbus, Ohio, and in 1838 to the college town of Springfield, Ohio. The more recently constructed Interstate 68 parallels the old road from Hancock through Cumberland west to Keyser's Ridge, Maryland, where the National Road and U.S. 40 turn northwest into Pennsylvania, but I-68 continues directly west to meet Interstate 79 near Morgantown, West Virginia. Construction was authorized in 1806, begun in 1811, at Cumberland, Maryland, and stopped at Vandalia, Illinois in 1838, a distance of about 620 miles (1,000 km). Also called "I" followed by the roadway's number. The Cumberland Road was an early example of a macadamized highway in the United States. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. They questioned whether the Constitution allowed for it. The mostly parallel Interstate 70 now provides a faster route for through travel without the many sharp curves, steep grades, and narrow bridges of U.S. 40 and other segments of the National Road. He died in Hong Kong on July 20, 1973.. The western terminus of the National Road at its greatest extent was at the Kaskaskia River in Vandalia, Illinois, near the intersection of modern U.S. 51 and U.S. 40. MOSS SIDE MANOR. Using the Cumberland Narrows, its first phase of construction crossed the Allegheny Mountains entered southwestern Pennsylvania, reaching the Allegheny Plateau in Somerset County, Pennsylvania. Terms of Service |  CUMBERLAND ROAD, also known as the National Road, was the first national road in the United States. In 1803 Congress allocated a part of the revenues from the sale of land in Ohio to the building of the Cumberland road connecting Cumberland in Maryland (on the Potomac River) to Wheeling in what is now West Virginia (on the Ohio River). The last congressional appropriation was made May 25, 1838, and in 1840, Congress voted against completing the unfinished portion of the road, with the deciding vote being cast by Henry Clay. Illinois officials decided not to continue construction without the federal funds because two state roads to the St. Louis area (today's U.S. 40 and Illinois Route 140 (known then as the Alton Road), already existed.[8]. The Erie Canal was an early exception; it was funded by the state of New York despite the fact that it benefited other states.Nevertheless, in 1811, construction of the Cumberland Road began, running through Maryland and West Virginia. Early access to Lorne was via the Dean’s March Road, and the Ocean Road between Lorne and St George River was opened in 1919. However, critics are worried that the road will also create new opportunities for illegal logging and infringe on the territory of indigenous communities and wildlife. CUMBERLAND ROAD. It spawned the development of towns, villages, and roadside establishments. In 1818, the sums of $52,984 and $310,984 was appropriated for the Cumberland Road in general. Join our community of educators and receive the latest information on National Geographic's resources for you and your students. The road was built in sections over a series of decades, and became something of a bustling highway. Travel through these technological developments during the 19th Century Transportation Movement with the selected classroom resources. Work commenced in 1811, and the road opened for traffic between Cumberland, Maryland, and Wheeling, West Virginia, in 1818. In June 2012, a monument and plaza were built in that town's Riverside Park, next to the historic original starting point. The coming of the Ocean Road opened up the coast by 1932. Construction began heading west in 1811 at Cumberland, Maryland, on the Potomac River. The popularity of the National Road soared in the 1840s when it became a popular route for Conestoga wagons that encouraged a thriving commercial trade. Measured 45 mi straight-line distance, GoogleEarth ruler, US Route 40 path and Nemacolin Trail are longer; both bend north through Summit Hill and Washington, PA. Traffic Engineering, Institute of Traffic Engineers, Institute of Transportation Engineers, 1976, page 9. For other uses, see, (online digital auto-scanned reproduction), Measured 63 mi straight-line distance, GoogleEarth ruler. Opened in 1849 to carry the road over the Ohio River, it was the largest suspension bridge in the world until 1851, and is today the oldest vehicular suspension bridge in the United States still in use. Today, federal highways form the backbone of the country’s infrastructure. In 1974, mainland Chinese businessman Yu Pang-lin reportedly bought the property from Golden Harvest studio founder Raymond Chow for about HK$1 million. 1145 17th Street NW Stretching from Cumberland, Maryland, to St. Louis, Missouri, the Cumberland Road was the first road funded by the U.S. federal government. The road cut across southwestern Pennsylvania, heading southeast for about 90 miles (140 km) before entering Maryland. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. From this time on it was known as the "Cumberland Road." The National Road (also known as the Cumberland Road)[1] was the first major improved highway in the United States built by the federal government. It was released in January 1989 as the second single from their album The Road Not Taken. Custom add-on options are available with certain packages. In 2002, the full road, including extensions east to Baltimore and west to St. Louis, was designated the Historic National Road, an All-American Road.[6]. The contract for the construction of the first section was awarded to Henry McKinley on May 8, 1811,[7] and construction began later that year, with the road reaching Wheeling on August 1, 1818. In the 1870s, with the rise in railroads, the National Road lost its appeal, but by the 1920s it had made a comeback. For information on user permissions, please read our Terms of Service. Federal construction of the road stopped at Vandalia, Illinois, which at that time was the state's capital. In 1849, a bridge was completed to carry the National Road across the Ohio River at Wheeling. In agreements with Maryland, Virginia, and Pennsylvania, the road was to be reconstructed and resurfaced. Jeanna Sullivan, National Geographic Society, Sarah Appleton, National Geographic Society [3] After the Financial Panic of 1837 and the resulting economic depression, congressional funding ran dry and construction was stopped at Vandalia, Illinois, the then capital of Illinois, 63 miles (101 km)[4] northeast of St. Louis across the Mississippi River. The Cumberland Road, also known as the National Road or National Turnpike, was the first road in the history of the United States funded by the federal government. In the early 1800s, however, most passageways were funded by the states that housed them and that benefited from their construction. The Cumberland Road, also known as the National Pike, was an even more notable road-building feat. The Cumberland Gap is a pass through the long ridge of the Cumberland Mountains, within the Appalachian Mountains, near the junction of the U.S. states of Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee.It is famous in American colonial history for its role as a key passageway through the … Five Madonna of the Trail monuments, donated by the Daughters of the American Revolution, were erected along the old National Road. Stream Cumberland Road by Music for teachers, students, & US history buffs! It had tremendous influence of the development of the Ohio River Valley and the Northwest Territory. After a while, crude roads were built and then canals. A newer bridge now carries the realigned U.S. 40 and I-70 across the river nearby. Congress authorized the road to be built to St. Louis, Missouri on the Mississippi River in 1820, and in 1825 to Jefferson City, Missouri. After running 15 miles (24 km) in West Virginia, the National Road then entered Pennsylvania. having to do with the buying and selling of goods and services. Bruce Lee moved into 41 Cumberland Road with his family in June, July or August 1972. The Cumberland road was commenced under a law of Congress of 29th March, 1806, while Mr. Jefferson was President of the United States; it was favored by him, and by every Administration since his day; by none less than by the present Administration. Privacy Notice |  The road's route between Baltimore and Cumberland continues to use the name National Pike or Baltimore National Pike and as Main Street in Ohio today, with various portions now signed as U.S. Route 40, Alternate U.S. 40, or Maryland 144. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. Property data for 117 Cumberland Road, Auburn, NSW 2144. main road that collects a toll, or fee, to pass through it. It received its name during the colonial-era French and Indian War of 1753–63 (also known as the Seven Years' War in Europe), when it was constructed by British The Cumberland Road, also known as the National Road or National Turnpike, was the first road in the history of the United States funded by the federal government. Early Cumberland River History. Soon after, plans were made to extend both ends of it. National Geographic Headquarters The American Indians developed a network of eastern trade and warrior trails stretching from the Great Lakes to the Gulf Coast. By that time, railroads were proving a better method of long-distance transportation, and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad was being built west from Baltimore to Cumberland, mostly along the Potomac River, and then by a more direct route than the National Road across the Allegheny Plateau of West Virginia (then Virginia) to Wheeling. Cumberland Road became one of the catalysts for westward expansion, the route making it possible for pioneers to move from the Eastern Seabord to the Western lands of Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. Maintenance costs on the Cumberland Road were becoming more than Congress was willing to bear. Cumberland Gap 21st Century Operation Many settlers boarded boats there to travel down the Ohio and up the Missouri, or elsewhere on the Mississippi watershed. Construction began in 1811 and the road reached Wheeling on August 1, 1818. The Cumberland Gap remained a major route for travel and trade during the 20th century. 13535 Cumberland Road Fishers, IN 46038 Building Hours: 9:15am - 3:45pm School Hours: 9:45am - 3:15pm All rights reserved. On May 15, 1820, Congress authorized an extension of the road to St. Louis, on the Mississippi River, and on March 3, 1825, across the Mississippi and to Jefferson City, Missouri. President Thomas Jefferson promoted the road to support westward expansion and unify the developing nation, and Congress authorized its construction in 1806. If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer. At the beginning of the century, U.S. citizens and immigrants to the country traveled primarily by horseback or on the rivers. West of Zanesville, Ohio, despite U.S. 40's predominantly following the original route, many segments of the original road can still be found. The Cumberland Road, once dubbed “the Main Street of America,” became known as “the road that built a nation.” To support the need for improved roads, in 1926, the Cumberland Road was incorporated into Interstate 40, which runs coast to coast. The proposed Pucallpa–Cruzeiro do Sul will connect the Amazon’s interior to urban centers and export markets in Peru and Brazil. The Cumberland Highway and Pennant Hills Roadoverhead road sign north-eastbound at … The Cumberland Road captures this story and re-tells it as a moment in history when the National Road, vulnerable to neglect and continuing decay, has been declared a State Heritage Park by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. structures and facilities necessary for the functioning of a society, such as roads. Work began in 1811 and Wheeling was reached in 1818. Margot Willis, National Geographic Society. The earliest origins of the Wilderness Road were the traces, or trails, created by the great herds of buffalo that once roamed the region. numbered road that stretches between at least two U.S. states. Image from the North Wind Picture Archives. Construction began in 1811 at Cumberland, Maryland and reached to Wheeling, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1818. By 1818, travelers could press on, still following Chief Nemacolin's trail across the ford, or taking a ferry to West Brownsville, moving through Washington County, Pennsylvania, and passing into Wheeling, Virginia (now West Virginia), 45 miles (72 km)[10] away on the Ohio River. The Braddock Road had been opened by the Ohio Company in 1751 between Fort Cumberland, the limit of navigation on the upper Potomac River, and the French military station at Fort Duquesne at the forks of the Ohio River, (at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers), an important trading and military point where the city of Pittsburgh now stands. This caused distinct regional economies to form and, by the turn of the century, a national economy. The Cumberland Road, also called the National Road, was the first major highway in the United States to be built by the federal government. The development of the automobile revived interest in the road, and federal funds increased to support the growth of the federal roadway system. When you reach out to him or her, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource. In the 20th century with the advent of the automobile, the National Road was connected with other historic routes to California under the title, National Old Trails Road. having to do with a nation's government (as opposed to local or regional government). [1] It was a popular route for commercial trade in the 1840s by Conestoga wagons. It promoted westward expansion, encouraged commerce between the Atlantic colonies and the West, and paved the way for an interstate highway system. It was their first number-one hit in both the United States and Canada. 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